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Gyeonggi Province

Coordinates: 37°30′N 127°15′E / 37.500°N 127.250°E / 37.500; 127.250
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This article is about the province. For the region, see Gyeonggi region.
Gyeonggi-do
경기도
Province
Korean transcription(s)
 • Hangul경기도
 • Revised RomanizationGyeonggi-do
 • McCune‑ReischauerKyŏnggido
From the left: Seongnam, Icheon, Siheung, Suwon, Gwangmyeong, Yongin, Ansan
Flag of Gyeonggi-do
Flag
Official logo of Gyeonggi-do
Logo
Location of Gyeonggi-do
Coordinates: 37°30′N 127°15′E / 37.500°N 127.250°E / 37.500; 127.250
Country South Korea
RegionSeoul Capital
CapitalSuwon
Subdivisions28 cities; 3 counties
Government
 • GovernorKim Dong-yeon
(Democratic)
 • LegislatureGyeonggi Assembly
Area
 • Total10,184 km2 (3,932 sq mi)
 • Rank5th
Population
 (Census 2020)
 • Total13,511,676
 • Rank1st
 • Density1,327/km2 (3,440/sq mi)
Provincial symbols
 • FlowerForsythia
 • TreeGinkgo
 • BirdDove
GDP
[1]
 • TotalKR₩ 547 trillion
US$ 438 billion (2022)
ISO 3166 codeKR-41
DialectGyeonggi
BlogOfficial blog
WebsiteOfficial website (English)

Gyeonggi-do (Korean: 경기도, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌ̹ŋ.ɡi.do̞]) is the most populous province in South Korea.

Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level special city since 1946. Incheon, the nation's third-largest city, is on the coast of the province and has been similarly administered as a provincial-level metropolitan city since 1981. The three jurisdictions are collectively referred to as Sudogwon and cover 11,730 km2 (4,530 sq mi), with a combined population of over 26 million - amounting to over half (50.25%) of the entire population of South Korea at the 2020 Census.

Etymology[edit]

Its name, Gyeonggi, means "京 (the capital) and 畿 (the surrounding area)". Thus, Gyeonggi-do can be translated as "Seoul and the surrounding areas of Seoul".[citation needed]

History[edit]

Gyeonggi-do has been a politically important area since 18 BCE, when Korea was divided into three nations during the Three Kingdoms period. Ever since King Onjo, the founder of Baekje (one of the three kingdoms), founded the government in Wiryeseong of Hanam, the Han River Valley was absorbed into Goguryeo in the mid-fifth century, and became Silla's territory in the year 553 (the 14th year of King Jinheung).[nb 1] Afterward, the current location of Gyeonggi-do, one of the nine states of Later Silla, was called Hansanju.

The Gyeonggi region started to rise as the central region of Goryeo as King Taejo of Goryeo (the kingdom following Silla) set up the capital in Gaesong. Since 1018 (the 9th year of Goryeo's King Hyeonjong), this area has been officially called "Gyeonggi".

Headquarters of the provincial governor, Joseon Dynasty

During the Joseon, which was founded after the Goryeo, King Taejo of Joseon set the capital in Hanyang, while restructuring Gyeonggi's area to include Gwangju, Suwon, Yeoju, and Anseong, along with the southeast region. Since the period of King Taejong and Sejong the Great, the Gyeonggi region has been very similar to the current administrative area of Gyeonggi-do.

In 1895 the 23-Bu system, which reorganized administrative areas, was effected. The Gyeonggi region was divided into Hanseong (modern Seoul), Incheon, Chungju, Gongju, and Kaesong.

During the Japanese colonial period, Hanseong-bu was incorporated into Gyeonggi-do. On October 1, 1910, it was renamed Keijo and a provincial government was placed in Keijo according to the reorganization of administrative districts.

After liberation and the foundation of two separate Korean states, Gyeonggi-do and its capital, Seoul, were separated with partial regions of Gyeonggi-do being incorporated into Seoul thereafter in 1946. Additionally, Kaesong became North Korean territory, the only city to change control after the countries were divided at the 38th parallel, which is now part of North Korea's North Hwanghae Province.

In 1967 the seat of the Gyeonggi provincial government was transferred from Seoul to Suwon. After Incheon separated from Gyeonggi-do in 1981, Gyeonggi regions such as Ongjin County and Ganghwa County were incorporated into Incheon in 1995.

Geography[edit]

Gyeonggi Province is in the western central region of the Korean Peninsula, which is vertically situated in Northeast Asia and is between east longitude of 126 and 127, and north latitude of 36 and 38. Its dimension is 10% of Korea's territory, 10,171 square kilometres (3,927 sq mi).[2] It is in contact with 86 kilometres (53 mi) of cease-fire line to the north, 413 kilometres (257 mi) of coastline to the west, Gangwon Province to the east, North Chungcheong Province and South Chungcheong Province to the south, and has Seoul, the capital of the Republic of Korea, in its center. Its provincial government is in Suwon, but some of its government buildings are in Uijeongbu for the administrative conveniences of the northern region.

Climate[edit]

The climate of Gyeonggi-do is the continental climate, which has a severe differentiation of temperature between summer and winter, and has distinctions of four seasons. Spring is warm, summer is hot and humid, autumn is cool, and winter is cold and snowy. The annual average temperature is between 11–13 °C (52–55 °F), where the temperature in the mountainous areas to the northeast is lower and the coastal areas to the southwest is higher. For January's average temperature, the Gyeonggi Bay is −4 °C (25 °F), the Namhangang (River) Basin is −4 to −6 °C (25 to 21 °F), and the Bukhangang (River) and Imjingang Basins are −6 to −8 °C (21 to 18 °F). It becomes colder and higher in temperature differentiation from coastal to inland areas. Summer has a lower local differentiation compared to winter. The inland areas are hotter than the Gyeonggi Bay area, the hottest area is Pyeongtaek, making the average temperature of August 26.5 °C (79.7 °F).

The annual average precipitation is around 1,100 millimetres (43 in), with a lot of rainfall. It is rainy in summer and dry during winter. The northeastern inland areas of Bukhangang and the upper stream of Imjingang has a precipitation of 1,300–1,400 millimetres (51–55 in), whereas the coastal area has only 900 millimetres (35 in) of precipitation.

Nature and national parks[edit]

The topography of Gyeonggi-do is divided into southern and northern areas by the Han River, which flows from east to west. The area north to the Han River is mainly mountainous, while the southern area is mainly plain.

The configuration of Gyeonggi-do is represented by Dong-go-seo-jeo (high in the east and low in the west), where the Gwangju Mountain Range and the Charyeong Mountain Range spreads from the east and drops in elevation in the west. The fields of Gimpo, Gyeonggi, and Pyeongtaek extend to the west.

Gyeonggi-do natural environment includes its rivers, lakes, mountains, and seas.[citation needed] Its representative rivers are the Hangang, Imjingang, and Anseongcheon Fg(Stream), which flow into the Yellow Sea, with Gyeonggi Plain, Yeonbaek Plain and Anseong Plain forming a fertile field area around the rivers. The Gwangju Mountain Range and the Charyeong Mountain Range stretch toward China in Gyeonggi Province. Most of the mountains that rise above 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), such as Myeongjisan (1,267 metres (4,157 ft)), Gukmangbong (1,168 metres (3,832 ft)) and Yongmunsan (1,157 metres (3,796 ft)) in the Gwangju Mountain Range. It iriidc Ktihas a developed granite area which, due to the granite's exfoliation effect, makes it full of strangely shaped cliffs and deep valleys. The Charyeong Mountain Range forms the boundary between Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheongbuk-do, but is a relatively low-altitude hilly area.

In Gyeonggi-do, there is Bukhansan National Park in Uijeongbu. For provincial parks, there are the Chukryeongsan Natural Recreation Area, Namhan-sanseong Provincial Park, Gapyeong Yeoninsan Provincial Park, and Mulhyanggi Arboretum. Besides the listed, the scenery of well-known mountains including Soyosan of Dongducheon City, Yongmunsan of Yangpyeong County, and Gwanaksan of Anyang and Gwacheon, along with Hangang and Imjingang are tourist sites of Gyeonggi-do.

Population[edit]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1960 2,748,765—    
1980 3,703,761+1.50%
1990 6,050,943+5.03%
2000 8,984,134+4.03%
2010 11,379,459+2.39%
2015 12,479,061+1.86%
2020 13,511,676+1.60%
Source: Citypopulation[3]

Gyeonggi-do has shown a rapid increase in population due to the modernization and urbanization of the Republic of Korea. Its population has increased from 2,748,765 in 1960 to 3,703,761 in 1980; 6,050,943 in 1990; 8,984,134 in 2000; 11,379,459 in 2010; and 13,511,676 in 2020.

In 2010 there were 4,527,282 households, with an average of 3 people per family. There were 6,112,339 males and 5,959,545 females. The population density was 1,119 people/km2, almost double the national average of 486 people/km2.

Excluding the two metropolitan cities (Seoul and Incheon), the most heavily populated area as of 2010 is Suwon (1,104,681) followed by Goyang (1,076,179), Seongnam (996,524), Yongin (891,708), Bucheon (890,875) and Ansan (753,862). The lowest populated area in 2010 was Yeoncheon County (45,973), followed by Gapyeong County (59,916) and Yangpyeong County (72,595).

Economy[edit]

As the backbone of Seoul in the means of manufacturing complex, Gyeonggi-do is evenly developed in heavy industry (electronics, machine, heavy and chemical industry, steel), light industry (textile), and farm, livestock and fisheries industry. Due to the influence of recent high wages, the weight of manufacturing industries has decreased in Korea's economy. Gyeonggi-do is making efforts in many ways to improve and modernize the conventional industry structure, resulting in quick growth of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises such as U-JIN Tech Corp. Gyeonggi-do is unsparingly investing in the promotion of service industries related to soft competitive power such as state-of-the-art IT industry, designing, conventions and tourism, along with its great leap as a commercial hub in Northeast Asia using the Pyeongtaek Harbor.[4]

Besides this, it is known for its special local products such as Icheon rice and Icheon/Gwangju ceramics. Leading companies representing Korea, including Samsung Electronics' headquarters, SK Hynix's headquarters, NAVER's headquarters, Samsung SDI's headquarters, and Paju LG Corporation's LCD complex, are gathered in southern Gyeonggi Province, including Suwon City.[5]

Administrative area[edit]

Further information: List of cities and counties of Gyeonggi Province
Map of divisions of Gyeonggi Province
Suwon
Yongin

Gyeonggi-do consists of 28 cities (special: 7, normal: 21) and three counties.[6] This is because many counties were elevated to city status owing to the influence of Seoul's new town development plan. Special cities are especially concentrated in the southern area of Gyeonggi-do.

Listed below is each entity's name in English, Hangul and Hanja.

# Name Hangul Hanja Population (2015.5)[7] Subdivisions
— Special City —
1 Suwon 수원시 水原市 1,177,376 4 ilban-gu — 41 haengjeong-dong
2 Seongnam 성남시 城南市 974,580 3 ilban-gu — 39 haengjeong-dong
3 Goyang 고양시 高陽市 1,041,706 3 ilban-gu — 46 haengjeong-dong
4 Yongin 용인시 龍仁市 968,346 3 ilban-gu — 1 eup, 6 myeon, 23 haengjeong-dong
5 Bucheon 부천시 富川市 852,758 36 haengjeong-dong
6 Ansan 안산시 安山市 704,765 2 ilban-gu — 24 haengjeong-dong
7 Anyang 안양시 安養市 599,464 2 ilban-gu — 31 haengjeong-dong
8 Namyangju 남양주시 南楊州市 640,579 5 eup, 4 myeon, 7 haengjeong-dong
9 Hwaseong 화성시 華城市 565,269 4 eup, 10 myeon, 10 haengjeong-dong
— City —
10 Uijeongbu 의정부시 議政府市 431,149 15 haengjeong-dong
11 Siheung 시흥시 始興市 393,356 17 haengjeong-dong
12 Pyeongtaek 평택시 平澤市 453,437 3 eup, 6 myeon, 13 haengjeong-dong
13 Gwangmyeong 광명시 光明市 346,888 18 haengjeong-dong
14 Paju 파주시 坡州市 416,439 4 eup, 9 myeon, 7 haengjeong-dong
15 Gunpo 군포시 軍浦市 288,494 11 haengjeong-dong
16 Gwangju 광주시 廣州市 304,503 3 eup, 4 myeon, 3 haengjeong-dong
17 Gimpo 김포시 金浦市 344,585 3 eup, 3 myeon, 6 haengjeong-dong
18 Icheon 이천시 利川市 204,988 2 eup, 8 myeon, 4 haengjeong-dong
19 Yangju 양주시 楊州市 203,519 1 eup, 4 myeon, 6 haengjeong-dong
20 Guri 구리시 九里市 186,611 8 haengjeong-dong
21 Osan 오산시 烏山市 207,596 6 haengjeong-dong
22 Anseong 안성시 安城市 181,478 1 eup, 11 myeon, 3 haengjeong-dong
23 Uiwang 의왕시 義王市 157,916 6 haengjeong-dong
24 Pocheon 포천시 抱川市 155,629 1 eup, 11 myeon, 2 haengjeong-dong
25 Hanam 하남시 河南市 155,752 12 haengjeong-dong
26 Dongducheon 동두천시 東豆川市 97,407 8 haengjeong-dong
27 Gwacheon 과천시 果川市 69,914 6 haengjeong-dong
28 Yeoju 여주시 驪州市 110,560 1 eup, 8 myeon, 3 haengjeong-dong
— County —
29 Yangpyeong 양평군 楊平郡 106,445 1 eup, 11 myeon
30 Gapyeong 가평군 加平郡 61,403 1 eup, 5 myeon
31 Yeoncheon 연천군 漣川郡 45,314 2 eup, 8 myeon

Claimed[edit]

Further information: Committee for the Five Northern Korean Provinces

Transportation[edit]

Gyeonggi-do's proximity to Seoul, South Korea's capital, and Incheon, its second-busiest port, has contributed to its extremely well-developed transportation infrastructure. It is close to both Incheon International Airport, South Korea's main international gateway and busiest airport, and Gimpo International Airport, its second-busiest airport. Use of water transportation from the harbor at Pyeongtaek is also high.

Road[edit]

The road pavement rate throughout the province averages 86.5 percent. The area has access to many of South Korea's expressways, including

Rail[edit]

Gyeonggi-do is served by Korail commuter, standard and high-speed (KTX) services. It is home to Korea's first railroad, the Gyeongin Line, and includes portions of the Gyeongbu Line, Gyeongui Line, Jungang Line, and Honam Line. Gyeonggi has stations on the Suin, Bundang, Gyeongchun, and Shinbundang commuter rail services and the Gyeongbu and Honam High Speed Railways.

The area has numerous connections to the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system. Line 1 (formerly Korea National Railroad of Seoul) extends to Cheonan past Gyeonggi-do to the southwest, and to Dongducheon to the north. Line 3 connects to Goyang to the north, while Line 4 is connected to Gwacheon and Ansan to the southwest. Line 7 is connected to Uijeongbu to the north and Gwangmyeong to the south, while Line 8 is connected to Seongnam to the south.

Uijeongbu has its own light rail system, the U Line, which connects to Line 1.

A short section of the AREX line between Gimpo and Incheon airports passes through Gyeonggi, but there are no stops within the province.

Education[edit]

Gyeonggi-do is actively investing in education to foster a talented population suitable for the globalized economy. It is promoting the opening of local campuses of reputable universities as well as establishing special purpose high schools for high-quality education. It has also founded and operates at Paju the largest domestic "English village" for education in the English language, as well as villages in Ansan and Yangpyeong.

Universities of Gyeonggi Province[edit]

Main category: Universities and colleges in Gyeonggi Province

Schools[edit]

Main category: Schools in Gyeonggi Province

Culture[edit]

Historical landmarks[edit]

Gyeonggi-do has long been a capital area, leaving many historic relics and ruins. For royal tombs (called reung), there are Donggureung of Guri, and Gwangreung, Hongreung and Yureung of Namyangju. For castles (called seong), there are Suwon Hwaseong, which is designated as the World Cultural Heritage, Namwonsanseong, Haengjusanseong, Ganghwasanseong, and Doksan Fortress. For Buddhist temples, there are many aged temples within Gyeonggi-do where one can experience 'temple stay'. You can view folk culture in the Korean Folk Village in Yongin, and the scene of Korea's division at Panmunjom in Paju.

Performing arts[edit]

Gyeonggi-do is investing a lot of money at a provincial level so that people do not have to go to Seoul to enjoy a high-class cultural life. There are performances at Gyeonggi Arts Center in Suwon as well as at Gyeonggi Korean Traditional Music Center in Yongin. Gyeonggi Provincial Museum in Yongin, Nam June Paik Art Center in Yongin, Gyeonggi Museum of Art in Ansan, and the Ceramics Museum in Gwangju are some of the facilities that are currently run by the province. There are also sightseeing opportunities at Jangheung Art Park, Publication Art Complex at Heyri, Paju, and the Icheon Ceramics Exposition.

Heyri Art Valley[edit]

Heyri Art Valley is Korea's largest art town. Various Korean artists constructed the cultural town of Heyri and it features several art galleries and museums; there are about 40 museums, exhibitions, concert halls and bookstores.

Religion[edit]

Religion in Gyeonggi-do (2015)[8]

  Not religious or Other (57.3%)
  Protestantism (23.0%)
  Buddhism (10.7%)
  Catholicism (9.0%)

According to the census of 2015, of the people of Gyeonggi-do 32.0% follow Christianity (23.0% Protestantism and 9.0% Catholicism) and 10.7% follow Buddhism.[8] 57.3% of the population is mostly not religious or follow indigenous religions.

Park[edit]

Main article: List of parks in Gyeonggi Province
See also: Category:Parks in Gyeonggi Province

The Province has Ilsan Lake Park, one of the largest lake parks in the country. In addition, there is Gwanggyo Lake Park, which was redeveloped in 2013.[9][10]

Sports[edit]

Suwon World Cup Stadium
Suwon Baseball Stadium

The 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup matches were held in Suwon World Cup Stadium. As for the professional soccer teams with Gyeonggi-do as their home ground, there are the Suwon Samsung Bluewings and Seongnam FC.

Korea's foremost thoroughbred horse racing track Seoul Race Park is in Gwacheon.

Domestic sports clubs[edit]

Association football[edit]

Baseball[edit]

Basketball[edit]

Volleyball[edit]

Ice hockey[edit]

Former sports clubs[edit]

Football[edit]

Basketball[edit]

Tourism[edit]

Entertainment[edit]

Gourmet[edit]

Gyeonggi-do has long been famous for its Icheon rice, Yangpyeong Korean beef, Suwon cow ribs and Korean court cuisine, and marine delicacies made of fresh marine products from the west coast.

Festival[edit]

Area Festival Name Period Main Contents Sponsor/Supervision
Suwon Hwaseong Cultural Festival October Great King Jeong Jo parade, Hwaryeongjeon Heondarae, re-presentation of the 60th birthday banquet of Hyekyeongung Hong, re-presentation of Kwageo (state examination during the Joseon Dynasty)

National housewife scenery festival, traditional flag game, culture and art festival, international food festival, drawing of Mars

Suwon City, Hwaseong Cultural Festival Committee
KBS Drama Festival August ~ October KBS Magic, Studio Tour, digital image machinery, public broadcasting, reconstructions of historical dramas, national amateur image contest Suwon City, KBS
Seongnam Seongnam Global Folk Art Festival May Global folk dancing, music and clothing festival with 400 performers from 12 countries participating Seongnam/Gyeongpyeong International Co., Ltd.
Seongnam Cultural Art Festival May~June, September~October International / dance / music / play / movie festivals, art / picture exhibitions, citizen composition contest, citizen singing contest Seongnam City, Seongnam Art Assembly and Members
Moran 5-Day Folk Festival April Traditional folk art performances, reminiscent folk song stage, art performance of modern taste Moran 5-Day Folk Festival Committee
Seongnam Art Village Lotus Festival July Lotus and nature workbook exhibition, lotus food and local food corner Lotus Festival Committee
Anyang Anyang Cultural Art Festival Mid-May Culture and art events such as art, music, dancing and plays Anyang Cultural Center and Art Assembly Anyang Branch
Anyang Citizen Festival October Local festival full of things to see / play / buy / eat Anyang City/Anyang Citizen Festival Committee
Goyang Goyang Haengju Cultural Festival April Seungjeon Street Parade, folk contest, Haengju Daecheop memorial services and rites Goyang City/Goyang Cultural Center
Bucheon Boksagol Art Festival May Student and citizen composition contest, street festival, image and picture subscription, art festival, citizen singing contest, dance contest, family musicals for children, play contest, music contest, citizen movie contest, citizen photography contest Korea Art Assembly Bucheon Branch
Ansan Danwon Art Festival (Kim Hong-do Festival) September Art Contest: art subscription contest, art appreciation classroom, street art contest

Ansan Kim Hong-do Festival: Danwon PR Hall, antique necessity products exhibition, yard play, art experience, traditional eateries

Ansan City/Danwon Art Festival Committee
Byeolmangseong Art Festival September Byeolmangseong Festival, Byeolchomu performance, fireworks, teenager play festival, national music festival, other art events Ansan City/Ansan Art Assembly
Seongho Cultural Festival May Seongho admiration services, National Cultural Festival performances, Gyeonggi folk song choir performance, Seongho ideology academic contest, other events Ansan City/Ansan Cultural Center
Ansan Street Arts Festival[13] May Ansan Street Arts Festival is street arts gala as a part of performing arts, which started in 2005 at Ansan and held in every May. Ansan City/Ansan Culture Square area
Uijeongbu Tongil Art Festival June Exhibition, traditional dance performance, Hanmaeum Citizen Singing Contest, composition contest, modern arts invitation Art Assembly Uijeongbu Branch
Hoeryong Cultural Festival October Reproduction of royal parade, exhibition, dragon dance, yard drama Uijeongbu Cultural Center
Uijeongbu International Music Performance Festival May Overseas group invitation/performance, college student showcase event, exhibition Uijeongbu Arts Center
Namyangju Dasan Cultural Festival September~October Awarding of Dasanmokmin Award, literature contest, traditional folk performance experience event Namyangju City/Namyangju Cultural Center
Namyangju Outdoor Performance Festival August Invitation/performance of famous domestic/foreign performers, teenager get-together yard, experience event Namyangju City
Gwangmyeong Gureum Mt. Art Festival October National Music Festival, art exhibition, painting exhibition, picture exhibition, composition contest, student music contest, play performance, National Music Contest Art Assembly Gwangmyeong Branch/Respective Associations
Ori Cultural Festival May Lecture on the life and ideology of Lee Won-ik, yard games, picture drawing, musicals, shortened marathon, masque dance performance Gwangmyeong Cultural Center
Siheung Mulwang Art Festival May National music yard festival, literature and art event, citizen singing contest Art Assembly Siheung Branch/Siheung City Hall
Yeonseong Cultural Festival October Juvenile drama, composition contest, open concert, totem trimming and services Siheung Cultural Center/Siheung City Hall
Gunpo Gunpo Citizen's Grand Festival April Masquerade parade, street exhibition, village concert, silver festival, photography contest Gunpo Cultural Information Department
Cheoljjuk Dongsan Festival April Exhibitions and concerts
Guri Guri Han River Rape Flower Festival May Fly away butterflies, concerts, citizen singer contests, art, writing contest, photography contest, teenager rock concert Guri/Korea Art Assembly Guri Branch
Guri Cosmos Festival September Eve celebration, Chinese arts circus, open-air movie appreciation, smiling picture photography, experience events Guri/Korea Art Assembly Guri Branch
Hanam Hanam Iseong Cultural Festival September Public broadcast attraction, provincial troupe performance, citizen performance, citizen participation yard Hanam City Hall/Hanam Cultural Center
Uiwang Uiwang Baekwun Art Festival October Walking on old street in Uiwang, I am an Artist Events: composition contest, sketch contest, fairy tale recital, puppet show, scenery games, making traditional toys, guitar performance Uiwang Baekwun Art Festival Committee
Anseong Anseong Namsadang Bawudeogi Festival September Art and science contest, taffy seller play, masque performance, tightrope walking performance, Baudeoki PR Hall, wayfaring male entertainer play of 6 yards, street play, general play, yard play, folk market and cattle market remake Anseong
Anseong Juksan International Art Festival June Dance, music, creative performance, Avantgarde Exhibition with globally famous artists, make-your-own-product with artists, film contest Smile Stone Co., Ltd.
Juksan Children Festival May For-children performance twice a day, experience Festival Troupe Mucheon
Yangju Yangju Traditional Culture and Art Festival May Intangible cultural assets and traditional folk art performance Yangju Festival Committee
Yangju Cultural Festival October Traditional folk art performance and participation event, unit event
Osan Doksanseong Culture and Art Festival September Art events such as culture event performance, citizen participation yard Osan City/Osan Cultural Center
Yeoju Sejong Cultural Grand Feast October Resident concert, Hangeul writing contest, empress travel, exhibitions, national picture subscription Yeoju City, Yeoju Cultural Center

Art Assembly Yeoju Branch

Yeoju Ceramics Exposition May Ceramics sales event, igniting of traditional oven, exhibition/performance event and experience event Yeoju, Yeoju Ceramics Exposition
Yeoju Artifact Exhibition October Farm products exhibition, outstanding product sales, international sweet potato cooking contest, farming experience event (sweet potato tour) Yeoju Artifact Exhibition Committee

Yeoju Agricultural Technology Center

Myeongseong

Empress Anniversary

October Yeongsan memorial services, hyewon exorcism Yeoju City, Yeoju Cultural Center
Paju Yulgok Cultural Festival September Chuhyang ritual at Jawun Auditorium, art and science symposium, reconstruction of Confucian parade, Yulgok and Chinese poem writing contest, native writer invitation, calligraphy contest Paju City/Paju Cultural Center
Paju Children Book Hanmadang October Publications exhibition and sales, book culture hanmadang, seminar games hanmadang, experience & study Paju City, Paju Publication Complex
Heyri Festival October Art and plastic product exhibition at Heyri Village, construction tourism, performance, percussion, dance, play, classic jazz, workshop classrooms Paju City, Paju Construction Committee, Heyri Festival Committee
Paju Art Festival May Music performance, national music performance, literature seminar, literary writing contest, art association member exhibition Paju City/Paju Art Assembly
Dongducheon Dongducheon Rock Festival August Multi-day concert event featuring local, national, and international rock music performances. Dongducheon, Soyosan Tourist Resort

Partition proposal[edit]

Main article: Partition of Gyeonggi Province

Fauna[edit]

While Korean fauna is relatively uniform, there are some differences across the country. Animals living in Gyeonggi-do include the following.

Mammals[edit]

The raccoon dog is widespread in the province,[14] as are the Japanese mole, Siberian weasel, water deer, Korean hare, red squirrel, house mouse, striped field mouse, and the Eurasian harvest mouse.[15]

Birds[edit]

Waterfowl[edit]

The common merganser, common pochard, green-winged teal, Eastern spot-billed duck, mallard, mandarin, Taiga bean goose, tundra bean goose,, whooper swan, great crested grebe, little grebe common moorhen, Eurasian coot, and white-breasted waterhen[16] all inhabit the province.[17][18]

Herons and cormorants[edit]

Herons frequent the provinces waterways. These include the black-crowned night heron, great white egret, grey heron, little egret, medium egret, striated heron, great cormorant, and Japanese cormorant.[17][18]

Raptors[edit]

Raptors in Gyeonggi-do include the Eurasian sparrowhawk, Goshawk,[19] common kestrel, and Eurasian hobby.[17]

Crows and jays[edit]

A range of crows and jays are found in Gyeonggi-do, including the azure-winged magpie carrion crow, Eurasian jay, large-billed crow, Oriental magpie, and rook.[20][17][18]

Tits[edit]

There are also many tits in the province, including the coal tit, Japanese tit, marsh tit, and varied tit.[21][17]

Others[edit]

Other birds in Gyeonggi-do include the common sandpiper, long-toed stint, wood sandpiper, ring-necked pheasant, white-winged tern, Oriental turtle dove, rock dove, Oriental dollarbird, common kingfisher, common hoopoe great spotted woodpecker, grey-headed woodpecker Japanese pygmy woodpecker, black-naped oriole, Eurasian skylark, brown-eared bulbul, long-tailed tit, Oriental reed warbler, vinous-throated parrotbill, white-cheeked starling, dusky thrush, Asian brown flycatcher, Daurian redstart, Eurasian tree sparrow, brambling, and Oriental greenfinch.[17][18]

Reptiles[edit]

The river cooter, peninsula cooter, Amur softshell turtle, and pond slider live in the province's lakes and streams, while the steppe rat snake and mountain grass lizard are among its land-dwelling reptiles.[17]

Amphibia[edit]

Gyeonggi-do has a variety of amphibia: the Boreal digging frog, Imienpo Station frog, Korean brown frog, Suwon tree frog,[22][23] and Sakhalin toad.[17]

Arachnids[edit]

The province has a variety of spiders, including the Joro spider, Sernokorba allidipatellis, and Uroctea lesserti.[17]

Insects[edit]

Moths[edit]

A wide range of moths live in Gyeonggi-do, e.g., the box tree moth, euonymus defoliator moth, gypsy moth, larch hawk moth,meal moth, rush veneer, Monema flavescens, Nordstromia duplicata, Orthogonia sera, Ostrinia palustralis, Sinna extrema, and Striglina cancellata.[17]

Butterflies[edit]

Butterflies in the province include the Asian comma, common straight swift, lesser purple emperor, painted lady, pale grass blue, Pallas' sailer, red ring skirt, small white, and Colias poliographus.[17]

Bees, wasps, and hornets[edit]

Gyeonggi-do's bees, wasps, and hornets include the western honey bee, dark-waisted paper wasp, Asian hornet, European hornet, and yellow-vented hornet.[17]

Ants[edit]

There is a wide variety of ant species in Gyeonggi-do. These include the Asian needle ant, Japanese carpenter ant, Japanese pavement ant, Japanese queenless ant, yellow-footed ant, Aphaenogaster japonica, Camponotus concavus, Camponotus itoi, Camponotus nipponensis, Camponotus quadrinotatus, Crematogaster matsumurai, Crematogaster teranishii, Dolichoderus sibiricus, Lasius spathepus, Temnothorax wui, and Vollenhovia emeryi.[17]

Damselflies and dragonflies[edit]

The province's damselflies and dragonflies include the common bluetail, Ischnura asiatica, Platycnemis phyllopoda, blue-spotted emperor foot-tipped darter, regal pond cruiser, white-tailed skimmer, Deielia phaon, and Sympetrum infuscatum.[17]

Others[edit]

Other insects in the province include Eristalis cerealis, the Chinese rice grasshopper, Oriental longheaded grasshopper, sickle-bearing bush-cricket, greenhouse camel cricket, Loxoblemmus arietulus, black cicada, Asian jumping mantis, giant Asian mantis, turnip sawfly, Promachus yesonicus, Spotted lanternfly, green stink bug, sloe bug, Sastragala esakii, Placosternum esakii, Lygocorides rubronasutus, harlequin lady beetle, seven-spot ladybird, turtle vein lady beetle, Calvia muiri, Pheropsophus javanus, Scirtes japonicus, 'varied carpet beetle, citrus long-horned beetle, thin-winged longicorn beetle, mealworm, German cockroach, Blattella nipponica, Adoretus hirsutus, Eusilpha jakowlewi, Dryophilocoris kerzhneri, bean bug, western conifer seed bug, marsh rhopalid, Deraeocoris salicis, Oriental beetle, black planthopper, and lake pondskater.[17]

Molluscs[edit]

Taiwan pond mussels live in Gyeonggi-do's freshwater.[17]

Fish[edit]

The province's lakes and streams house Amur catfish, Eurasian carp, largemouth bass, northern snakehead, and pale chub.[17]

Sisterhood relations[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "2022년 지역소득(잠정)". www.kostat.go.kr.
  2. ^ 위치와 자연환경 (in Korean). Gyeonggi Province. Archived from the original on 1 March 2014. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
  3. ^ "South Korea: Provinces". Archived from the original on 2022-03-21. Retrieved 2022-03-12.
  4. ^ "평택시, 정부에 평택항 경쟁력 강화 방안 건의". m.hankooki.com (in Korean). 2021-02-20. Retrieved 2021-02-20.
  5. ^ "현대차 삼성SDI 시총 7위 경쟁 치열…네이버·카카오 가세". 이데일리 (in Korean). 2021-02-03. Archived from the original on 2021-02-12. Retrieved 2021-02-20.
  6. ^ "Administrative Map". Gyeonggi Province. Archived from the original on 13 April 2013. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  7. ^ "Population". Gyeonggi Province. Archived from the original on 3 March 2011. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  8. ^ a b 2015 Census - Religion Results
  9. ^ "Special Tourist Zone in Goyang". Goyang.
  10. ^ "Day and Night of the Gwanggyo Lake Park". The Yonsei Annals.
  11. ^ Lee, Cin Woo (16 March 2012). "Beyond Seoul: 19 reasons to explore Korea". CNN Go. Archived from the original on 21 April 2012. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  12. ^ "KRA | RACING | Life and Love KRA". www.kra.co.kr. Archived from the original on 2019-01-03. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  13. ^ "ANSAN STREET ARTS FESTIVAL 2018". www.ansanfest.com. Archived from the original on 2018-05-10. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
  14. ^ Yang, Dong-Kun; Kim, Ha-Hyun; Lee, Eun-Jin; Yoo, Jae-Young; Kim, Jong-Taek; Ahn, Sangjin (31 July 2019). "Rabies immune status of raccoon dogs residing in areas where rabies bait vaccine has been distributed". Clin Exp Vaccine Res. 8 (2): 132–135. doi:10.7774/cevr.2019.8.2.132. PMC 6689503. PMID 31406695.
  15. ^ Choi, Byung-Jin; Lee, Sang-Gi (30 June 2009). "Distribution of Mammals at Mt. Gwanggyo, Suwon, Gyeonggido". Korean J. Nat. Conserv. 7 (1_2): 41–46. doi:10.30960/kjnc.2009.7.1_2.41.
  16. ^ "Birds Korea's Bird News August 2008". Birds Korea. Archived from the original on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Suwon, KR, KG". iNaturalist. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  18. ^ a b c d "Kyonggi-do". eBird. Archived from the original on 27 April 2023. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  19. ^ 수원수목원 서포터즈, 일월공원 서식 조류 모니터링 [Suwon Arboretum supporters monitoring Irwol Park bird habitat]. Suwon News (in Korean). 28 October 2021. Archived from the original on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
  20. ^ Yun, Jiweon; Shin, Wonhyeop; Kim, Jihwan; Song, Youngkeun (13–17 December 2021). "Spatial Usage and Patterns of Corvus frugilegus in Urban Habitats of Suwon, South Korea". AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. New Orleans, LA. pp. B25E–1520. Bibcode:2021AGUFM.B25E1520Y. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  21. ^ Baek, Gyeongyeol (February 2022). Evaluating the Effciency of Habitat suitable Areas for Paridae Through the Simulation of Ecological Restoration Technology: Case Study of Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (MSc) (in Korean). Cheongju University. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  22. ^ Borzée, Amaël; Kosch, Tiffany A.; Kim, Miyeon; Jang, Yikweon (2017). "Introduced bullfrogs are associated with increased Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis prevalence and reduced occurrence of Korean treefrogs". PLOS ONE. 12 (5): e0177860. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1277860B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0177860. PMC 5451047. PMID 28562628.
  23. ^ 토종 양서류 '수원청개구리' 북한에도 산다…충남·전북에선 신종 발견 [The native amphibian ‘Suwon tree frog’ also lives in North Korea… New species discovered in Chungnam and Jeonbuk]. Donga Science (in Korean). 26 June 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  24. ^ ベルギー3地域と「友好交流及び相互協力に関する覚書」を締結 (in Japanese). Government of Aichi Prefecture. Archived from the original on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2017.

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ In traditional Korean timekeeping, years are tracked by reign of monarchs. Today, this is practiced in addition to Common Era (CE).

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
경기도 (category)
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Gyeonggi.
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