House of Representatives of the Philippines

House of Representatives of the Philippines Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan ng Pilipinas
19th Congress of the Philippines
Seal of the House of Representatives
Flag of the House of Representatives
Type
Type	Lower house of the Congress of the Philippines
Term limits	3 consecutive terms (9 years)
History
Founded	October 1907 (1907-10)
Leadership
Speaker	Martin Romualdez, Lakas since July 25, 2022
Senior Deputy Speaker	Aurelio Gonzales Jr., Lakas since May 17, 2023
Deputy Speakers	See list
Majority Leader	Manuel Jose Dalipe, Lakas since July 25, 2022
Minority Leader	Marcelino Libanan, 4Ps since July 25, 2022
Structure
Seats	316 representatives 253 from congressional districts 63 party-list representatives
Political groups	Majority (283)   Lakas–CMD (92)   Party-list Coalition (42)   NUP (36)   Nacionalista (32)   NPC (33)   PFP (10)   Liberal (8)   PDP (5)   Local parties (7)   PRP (2)   Aksyon (1)   CDP (1)   LDP (1)   UNA (1)   Independent (4) Minority (28)   Party-list Coalition (16)   Makabayan (3)   Liberal (2)   Nacionalista (2)   NUP (2)   Reporma (2)   Local parties (1) Vacant (5)   Vacancies (5)
Committees	63 standing committees and 17 special committees
Length of term	3 years
Authority	Article VI, Constitution of the Philippines
Elections
Voting system	Parallel voting (First-past-the-post voting in 80% of seats, and modified party-list proportional representation in 20%)
Last election	May 9, 2022
Next election	May 12, 2025
Redistricting	Districts are redistricted by Congress after each census (has never been done since 1987) By statute (most frequent method)
Meeting place
Batasang Pambansa Complex, Batasan Hills, Quezon City
Website
congress.gov.ph
Rules
Rules of the House of Representatives (English)

The House of Representatives of the Philippines (Filipino: Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan ng Pilipinas; Kamara from the Spanish word cámara, meaning "chamber") is the lower house of Congress, the bicameral legislature of the Philippines, with the Senate of the Philippines as the upper house. The lower house is commonly referred to as Congress, although the term collectively refers to both houses.

Members of the House are officially styled as representatives (Filipino: mga kinatawan) and are sometimes informally called congressmen or congresswomen (Filipino: mga kongresista). They are elected to a three-year term and can be re-elected, but cannot serve more than three consecutive terms without an interruption of one term (e.g. serving one term in the Senate ad interim). Around 80% of congressmen are district representatives, representing specific geographical areas. The 19th Congress has 253 congressional districts. Party-list representatives, who make up not more than twenty percent of the total number of representatives, are elected through the party-list system.

Aside from needing its agreement to every bill before it is sent to the president for signature to become law, the House of Representatives has the power to impeach certain officials and all franchise and money bills must originate from the lower house.

The House of Representatives is headed by the House speaker (Filipino: ispiker). The position is currently held by Martin Romualdez. The speaker of the House is third in the Philippine presidential line of succession, after the vice president and the Senate president. The official headquarters of the House of Representatives is at the Batasang Pambansa (literally "national legislature") located in Batasan Hills, Quezon City. The building is often simply called Batasan, and the word has also become a metonym to refer to the House of Representatives.

History

Malolos Congress

Main article: Malolos Congress

The Philippine legislative system began in a unicameral form of government in 1898 when then President Emilio Aguinaldo established the Malolos Congress of the short-lived 1st Republic of the Philippines from 1898 to 1901. The Congress’ notable achievement was the ratification of Philippine Independence when it was declared on June 12, 1898, in Kawit, Cavite.

The Malolos Congress’ convened at the Barasoain church during the subsequent inauguration of Emilio Aguinaldo and the inauguration of the Malolos Constitution in 1898. A year prior to the establishment of the republic, the Congress approved the motion to declare war on the United States, thus beginning the Philippine-American War which lasted from 1899 to 1901. The Malolos Congress was dissolved on April 1, 1901, following Aguinaldo's declaration of allegiance to the United States when he was captured.

Philippine Assembly

Main article: Philippine Assembly

At the beginning of American colonial rule, from March 16, 1900, the sole national legislative body was the Philippine Commission with all members appointed by the President of the United States. Headed by the Governor-General of the Philippines the body exercised all legislative authority given to it by the President and the United States Congress until October 1907 when it was joined by the Philippine Assembly. William Howard Taft was chosen to be the first American civilian Governor-General and the first leader of this Philippine Commission, which subsequently became known as the Taft Commission.

The Philippine Bill of 1902, a basic law, or organic act, of the Insular Government, mandated that once certain conditions were met a bicameral, or two-chamber, Philippine Legislature would be created with the previously existing, all-appointed Philippine Commission as the upper house and the Philippine Assembly as the lower house. This bicameral legislature was inaugurated in October 1907. Under the leadership of Speaker Sergio Osmeña and Floor Leader Manuel L. Quezon, the Rules of the 59th United States Congress was substantially adopted as the Rules of the Philippine Legislature. Osmeña and Quezon led the Nacionalista Party, with a platform of independence from the United States, into successive electoral victories against the Progresista Party and later the Democrata Party, which first advocated United States statehood, then opposed immediate independence.

It is this body, founded as the Philippine Assembly, that would continue in one form or another, and with a few different names, up until the present day.

Jones Act of 1916

Main article: Jones Law (Philippines)

In 1916, the Jones Act, officially the Philippine Autonomy Act, changed the legislative system. The Philippine Commission was abolished and a new fully elected, bicameral Philippine Legislature consisting of a House of Representatives and a Senate was established. The Nacionalistas continued their electoral dominance at this point, although they were split into two factions led by Osmeña and Quezon; the two reconciled in 1924, and controlled the Assembly via a virtual dominant-party system.

Commonwealth and the Third Republic

Main article: National Assembly of the Philippines

The legislative system was changed again in 1935. The 1935 Constitution established a unicameral National Assembly. But in 1940, through an amendment to the 1935 Constitution, a bicameral Congress of the Philippines consisting of a House of Representatives and a Senate was adopted.

Upon the inauguration of the Republic of the Philippines in 1946, Republic Act No. 6 was enacted providing that on the date of the proclamation of the Republic of the Philippines, the existing Congress would be known as the First Congress of the Republic. The "Liberal bloc" of the Nacionalistas permanently split from their ranks, creating the Liberal Party. These two will contest all of the elections in what appeared to be a two-party system. The party of the ruling president wins the elections in the House of Representatives; in cases where the party of the president and the majority of the members of the House of Representatives are different, a sufficient enough number will break away and join the party of the president, thereby ensuring that the president will have control of the House of Representatives.

Martial Law

Main article: Batasang Pambansa

This set up continued until President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law and abolished Congress. He would rule by decree even after the 1973 Constitution abolished the bicameral Congress and created a unicameral Batasang Pambansa parliamentary system of government, as parliamentary election would not occur in 1978. Marcos' Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL; New Society Movement) won all of the seats except those from the Central Visayas ushering in an era of KBL dominance, which continued until the People Power Revolution overthrew Marcos in 1986.

1987 Constitution

The 1987 Constitution restored the presidential system of government together with a bicameral Congress of the Philippines. One deviation from the previous setup was the introduction of the mid-term election; however, the dynamics of the House of Representatives resumed its pre-1972 state, with the party of the president controlling the chamber, although political pluralism ensued that prevented the restoration of the old Nacionalista-Liberal two-party system. Instead, a multi-party system evolved.

Corazon Aquino who nominally had no party, supported the Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP; Struggle of the Democratic Filipinos). With the victory of Fidel V. Ramos in the 1992 presidential election, many representatives defected to his Lakas-NUCD party; the same would happen with Joseph Estrada's victory in 1998, but he lost support when he was ousted after the 2001 EDSA Revolution that brought his vice president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to power. This also meant the restoration of Lakas-NUCD as the top party in the chamber. The same would happen when Benigno Aquino III won in 2010, which returned the Liberals into power.

The presiding officer is the Speaker. Unlike the Senate President, the Speaker usually serves the entire term of Congress, although there had been instances when the Speaker left office due to conflict with the president: examples include Jose de Venecia Jr.'s resignation as speaker in 2008 when his son Joey de Venecia exposed alleged corrupt practices by First Gentleman Mike Arroyo, and Manny Villar's ouster occurred after he allowed the impeachment of President Estrada in 2000.

Electoral system

The Philippines uses parallel voting for its lower house elections. For the 2022 elections, there will be 316 seats in the House; 253 of these are district representatives, and 63 are party-list representatives. The number of seats to be disputed may change depending on the creation of new congressional districts.

Philippine law mandates that there should be one party-list representative for every four district representatives. District representatives are elected under the plurality voting system from single-member districts. Party-list representatives are elected via the nationwide vote with a 2% election threshold, with a party winning not more than three seats. The party with the most votes usually wins three seats, then the other parties with more than 2% of the vote two seats. At this point, if all of the party-list seats are not filled up, the parties with less than 2% of the vote will win one seat each until all party-list seats are filled up.

Political parties competing in the party-list election are barred from participating district elections, and vice versa, unless permitted by the Commission on Elections. Party-lists and political parties participating in the district elections may forge coalition deals with one another.

Campaigning for elections from congressional districts seats are decidedly local; the candidates are most likely a part of an election slate that includes candidates for other positions in the locality, and slates may comprise different parties. The political parties contesting the election make no attempt to create a national campaign.

Party-list campaigning, on the other hand, is done on a national scale. Parties usually attempt to appeal to a specific demographic. Polling is usually conducted for the party-list election, while pollsters may release polls on specific district races. In district elections, pollsters do not attempt to make forecasts on how many votes a party would achieve, nor the number of seats a party would win; they do attempt to do that in party-list elections, though.

Officers

The members of the House of Representatives who are also its officers are also ex officio members of all of the committees and have a vote.

The leadership positions, except for the Secretary General and Sergeant-at-Arms, are currently vacant. The terms of office of the officers elected during the 18th Congress ended on June 30, 2022. On July 25, 2022, the 19th Congress of the Philippines shall elect among themselves their leaders.

Speaker

Main article: Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines

The speaker is the head of the House of Representatives. He presides over the session; decides on all questions of order, subject to appeal by any member; signs all acts, resolutions, memorials, writs, warrants, and subpoenas issued by or upon order of the House; appoints, suspends, dismisses, or disciplines House personnel; and exercise administrative functions.

The speaker is elected by a majority of all the members of the House, including vacant seats. The speaker is traditionally elected at the convening of each congress. Before a speaker is elected, the House's sergeant-at-arms sits as the "Presiding Officer" until a speaker is elected. Compared to the Senate President, the unseating of an incumbent speaker is rarer.

The incumbent Speaker of the House is Congressman Martin Romualdez who represents Leyte's 1st Congressional district and the first cousin of incumbent president Bongbong Marcos.

Deputy Speakers

Main article: Deputy Speakers of the House of Representatives of the Philippines

There was a position of speaker pro tempore for congresses prior the reorganization of the officers of the House of Representatives during the 10th Congress in 1995. The speaker pro tempore was the next highest position in the House after the speaker.

The position was replaced by deputy speakers in 1995. Originally, there was one Deputy Speaker for each island group of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. Then, in 2001 during the 12th Congress, a Deputy Speaker "at large" was created. In the next Congress, another "at large" deputy speakership was created, along with a Deputy Speaker for women. In the 15th Congress starting in 2010, all six deputy speakers are "at large".

In the 16th Congress, the deputy speakers represent the chamber at-large. Starting in the 17th Congress, each region is represented by a Deputy Speaker, with additional deputy speakers from the party-list ranks.

The deputy speakers perform the speaker's role when the speaker is absent. In case in the resignation of the speaker, the deputy speakers shall elect from among themselves an acting speaker, until a speaker is elected.

The outgoing deputy speakers of the House are former president and speaker Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, Congressman Raymond Democrito Mendoza, Congressman Roberto Puno, Congresswoman Kristine Singson-Meehan, Congressman Isidro Ungab, Congresswoman Camille Villar, former Senator and outgoing Congressman Ralph Recto, Congressman Aurelio Gonzales Jr., and Congressman Vincent Franco-Frasco.

Majority Floor Leader

Main article: Majority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines

The majority leader, aside from being the spokesman of the majority party, is to direct the deliberations on the floor. The Majority Leader is also concurrently the Chairman of the Committee on Rules. The majority leader is elected in a party caucus of the ruling majority party.

The incumbent House Majority Floor Leader is Congressman Manuel Jose Dalipe, a member of the Lakas–CMD party and is representing Zamboanga City's second congressional district.

Minority Floor Leader

Main article: Minority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines

The minority leader is the spokesman of the minority party in the House and is an ex-officio member of all standing Committees. The minority leader is elected in party caucus of all Members of the House in the minority party, although by tradition, the losing candidate for speaker is named the minority leader.

The incumbent House Minority Leader is Congressman Marcelino Libanan, a party-list member for 4PS.

Secretary General

The secretary general enforces orders and decisions of the House; keeps the Journal of each session; notes all questions of order, among other things. The secretary general presides over the chamber at the first legislative session after an election, and is elected by a majority of the members.

At present, Reginald S. Velasco is the Secretary General of the House of Representatives.

Sergeant-at-Arms

The Sergeant-at-Arms is responsible for the maintenance of public order in the House of Representatives, among other things. Like the Secretary General, the Sergeant-at-Arms is elected by a majority of the members.

At present, retired Police Major General Napoleon C. Taas is the Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Representatives.

Qualifications

The qualifications for membership in the House are expressly stated in Section 6, Art. VI of the 1987 Philippine Constitution as follows:

• No person shall be a Representative unless he/she is a natural-born citizen of the Philippines, and on the day of the election, is at least 25 years of age, able to read and write, a registered voter except for a party-list representative, and a resident of the country for not less than one year immediately preceding the day of the election.
• The age is fixed at 25 and must be possessed on the day of the elections, that is, when the polls are opened and the votes cast, and not on the day of the proclamation of the winners by the board of canvassers.
• With regard to the residence requirements, it was ruled in the case of Lim v. Pelaez that it must be the place where one habitually resides and to which he, after absence, has the intention of returning.
• The enumeration laid down by the 1987 Constitution is exclusive under the Latin principle of expressio unius est exclusio alterius. This means that Congress cannot anymore add additional qualifications other than those provided by the Constitution.

Membership

There are two types of congressmen: those who represent geographic districts, and those who represent party-lists. The first-past-the-post (simple plurality voting) method is used to determine who represents each of the 243 geographic districts. The party-list representatives are elected via the party-list system. The party-list representatives should always comprise 20% of the seats.

Originally set at 200 in the ordinance of the 1987 constitution, the number of districts has grown to 243. All of the new districts are via created via piecemeal redistricting of the then existing 200 districts, and via the creation of new provinces and cities. The constitution gave Congress to nationally redistrict the country after the release of every census, but this has not been done.

The original 200 districts meant that there should have been 50 party-list representatives. However, the constitution did not give the specifics on how party-list congressmen should have been elected. This led to presidents appointing sectoral representatives, which were then approved by the Commission on Appointments; only a handful of sectoral representatives were seated in this way. With the enactment of the Party-List System Act, the first party-list election was in 1998; with the 2% election threshold, a 3-seat cap and tens of parties participating, this led to only about a fraction of the party-list seats being distributed. Eventually, there had been several Supreme Court decisions changing the way the winning seats are distributed, ensuring that all party-list seats are filled up.

There were supposed to be 245 congressional districts that were to be disputed in the 2019 election, so there were 61 party-list seats contested in the party-list election. Elections in two of these districts were delayed due to its creation right before campaigning. The Supreme Court ruled that one district be contested in the next (2022) election, then the Commission on Elections applied the court's ruling to the other district, bringing the number of districts to 243, while still keeping the 61 party-list representatives, for a total of 304 seats.

Vacancies from representatives elected via districts are dealt with special elections, which may be done if the vacancy occurred less than a year before the next regularly-scheduled election. Special elections are infrequently done; despite several vacancies, the last special election was in 2023. For party-list representatives, the nominee next on the list is asked to replace the outgoing representative; if the nominee agrees, then that person would be sworn in as a member, if the nominee doesn't agree, then the nominee after that person is asked, and the process is repeated. Vacating party-list representatives have always been replaced this way.

Congressional district representation

Main article: Congressional districts of the Philippines

Eighty percent of representatives shall come from congressional districts, with each district returning one representative. The constitution mandates that every province and every city with a population of 250,000 must have at least one representative. Each legislative district, regardless of population, has one congressman. For provinces that have more than one legislative district, the provincial districts are identical to the corresponding legislative district, with the exclusion of cities that do not vote for provincial officials. If cities are divided into multiple districts for city hall representation purposes, these are also used for congressional representation.

The representatives from the districts comprise at most 80% of the members of the House; therefore, for a party to have a majority of seats in the House, the party needs to win a larger majority of district seats. No party since the approval of the 1987 constitution has been able to win a majority of seats, hence coalitions are not uncommon.

Legislative districts in provinces

• Abra (1)
• Agusan del Norte (2)
• Agusan del Sur (2)
• Aklan (2)
• Albay (3)
• Antique (1)
• Apayao (1)
• Aurora (1)
• Basilan (1)
• Bataan (3)
• Batanes (1)
• Batangas (6)
• Benguet (1)
• Biliran (1)
• Bohol (3)
• Bukidnon (4)
• Bulacan (6)
• Cagayan (3)
• Camarines Norte (2)
• Camarines Sur (5)
• Camiguin (1)
• Capiz (2)
• Catanduanes (1)
• Cavite (8)
• Cebu (7)
• Cotabato (3)
• Davao de Oro (2)
• Davao del Norte (2)
• Davao Occidental (1)
• Davao Oriental (2)
• Davao del Sur (1)
• Dinagat Islands (1)
• Eastern Samar (1)
• Guimaras (1)
• Ifugao (1)
• Ilocos Norte (2)
• Ilocos Sur (2)
• Iloilo (5)
• Isabela (6)
• Kalinga (1)
• La Union (2)
• Laguna (4)
• Lanao del Norte (2)
• Lanao del Sur (2)
• Leyte (5)
• Maguindanao (2)
• Marinduque (1)
• Masbate (3)
• Misamis Occidental (2)
• Misamis Oriental (2)
• Mountain Province (1)
• Negros Occidental (6)
• Negros Oriental (3)
• Northern Samar (2)
• Nueva Ecija (4)
• Nueva Vizcaya (1)
• Occidental Mindoro (1)
• Oriental Mindoro (2)
• Palawan (3)
• Pampanga (4)
• Pangasinan (6)
• Quezon (4)
• Quirino (1)
• Rizal (4)
• Romblon (1)
• Samar (2)
• Sarangani (1)
• Siquijor (1)
• Sorsogon (2)
• South Cotabato (2)
• Southern Leyte (2)
• Sultan Kudarat (2)
• Sulu (2)
• Surigao del Norte (2)
• Surigao del Sur (2)
• Tarlac (3)
• Tawi-Tawi (1)
• Zambales (2)
• Zamboanga del Norte (3)
• Zamboanga del Sur (2)
• Zamboanga Sibugay (2)

Legislative districts in cities

• Antipolo (2)
• Bacolod (1)
• Baguio (1)
• Biñan (1)
• Butuan (1)
• Cagayan de Oro (2)
• Calamba (1)
• Caloocan (3)
• Cebu City (2)
• Davao City (3)
• Iligan (1)
• General Santos (1)
• Iloilo City (1)
• Lapu-Lapu (1)
• Las Piñas (1)
• Makati (2)
• Malabon (1)
• Mandaluyong (1)
• Mandaue (1)
• Manila (6)
• Marikina (2)
• Muntinlupa (1)
• Navotas (1)
• Parañaque (2)
• Pasay (1)
• Pasig (1)
• Pateros and Taguig (1)
• Quezon City (6)
• San Jose del Monte (1)
• San Juan (1)
• Santa Rosa (1)
• Taguig (1)
• Valenzuela (2)
• Zamboanga City (2)

Party-list representation

Main article: Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines

The party-list system is the name designated for party-list representation. Under the 1987 Constitution, the electorate can vote for certain party-list organizations in order to give voice to significant minorities of society that would otherwise not be adequately represented through geographical district. From 1987 to 1998, party-list representatives were appointed by the President.

Since 1998, each voter votes for a single party-list organization. Organizations that garner at least 2% of the total number of votes are awarded one representative for every 2% up to a maximum of three representatives. Thus, there can be at most 50 party-list representatives in Congress, though usually no more than 20 are elected because many organizations do not reach the required 2% minimum number of votes.

After the 2007 election, in a controversial decision, the Supreme Court ordered the COMELEC to change how it allocates the party-list seats. Under the new formula only one party will have the maximum 3 seats. It based its decision on a formula contained in the VFP vs. COMELEC decision. In 2009, in the BANAT vs. COMELEC decision, it was changed anew in which parties with less than 2% of the vote were given seats to fulfill the 20% quota as set forth in the constitution.

Aside from determining which party won and allocating the number of seats won per party, another point of contention was whether the nominees should be a member of the marginalized group they are supposed to represent; in the Ang Bagong Bayani vs. COMELEC decision, the Supreme Court not only ruled that the nominees should be a member of the marginalized sector, but it also disallowed major political parties from participating in the party-list election. However, on the BANAT decision, the court ruled that since the law didn't specify who belongs to a marginalized sector, the court allowed anyone to be a nominee as long as the nominee as a member of the party (not necessarily the marginalized group the party is supposed to represent).

Sectoral representation

Prior to the enactment of the Party-list Act, the president, with the advice and consent of the Commission on Appointments, nominated sectoral representatives. These represented various sectors, from labor, peasants, urban poor, the youth, women and cultural communities. Their numbers grew from 15 members in the 8th Congress, to 32 in the 10th Congress.

In the Interim Batasang Pambansa, a sectoral election was held to fill up the sectoral seats of parliament.

Legislative caretakers

Under the Republic Act No. 6645 or "An Act Prescribing the Manner of Filling a Vacancy in the Congress of the Philippines", if a seat was vacated with at most 18 months prior to an election the House of Representatives could request the Commission on Elections to hold a special election to fill in the vacancy. The law does not specify for a mechanism if the seat was vacated within 18 months prior to an election. The House of Representatives through its Speaker customarily appoints a caretaker or legislative liaison officer to fill in the vacancy. The caretaker cannot vote in the name of the district that is being taken care of.

Redistricting

Population of each congressional district in the Philippines. Districts shaded with blue hues have less than 250,000 people, those shaded green are just over 250,000, yellow and orange are more than 250,000, and those shaded red can be split into two or more districts.

Persons per representative per province or city in the House of Representatives: Provinces (blue) and cities (red) are arranged in descending order of population from Cavite to Batanes (provinces) and from Quezon City to San Juan (cities).

Persons per representative from 1903 to 2007. The last nationwide apportionment act was the ordinance to the 1987 constitution, which was based on the 1980 census.

Congress is mandated to reapportion the legislative districts within three years following the return of every census. Since its restoration in 1987, Congress has not passed any general apportionment law, despite the publication of six censuses in 1990, 1995, 2000, 2007, 2010 and 2015. The increase in the number of representative districts since 1987 were mostly due to the creation of new provinces, cities, and piecemeal redistricting of certain provinces and cities.

The apportionment of congressional districts is not dependent upon a specially-mandated independent government body, but rather through Republic Acts which are drafted by members of Congress. Therefore, apportionment often can be influenced by political motivations. Incumbent representatives who are not permitted by law to serve after three consecutive terms sometimes resort to dividing their district, or even creating a new province which will be guaranteed a seat, just so that their allies be able to run, while "switching offices" with them. Likewise, politicians whose political fortunes are likely to be jeopardized by any change in district boundaries may delay or even ignore the need for reapportionment.

Since 1987, the creation of some new congressional districts have been met with controversy, especially due to incumbent political clans and their allies benefiting from the new district arrangements. Some of these new congressional districts are tied to the creation of a new province, because such an act necessarily entails the creation of a new congressional district.

• Creation of Davao Occidental, 2013: The rival Cagas and Bautista clans dominate politics in the province of Davao del Sur; their members have been elected as congressional representatives for the first and second districts of the province since 1987. However, the province's governorship has been in contest between the two clans in recent years: Claude Bautista, the current governor, was elected in 2013; before that Douglas Cagas served as governor from 2007 to 2013, after succeeding Benjamin Bautista Jr. who served from 2002 to 2007. Supporters of both clans have been subjected to political violence, prompting the police to put the province of Davao del Sur in the election watchlist. The law which created Davao Occidental, Republic Act No. 10360, was co-authored by House Representatives Marc Douglas Cagas IV and Franklin Bautista as House Bill 4451; the creation of the new province is seen as a way to halt the "often violent" political rivalry between the clans by ensuring that the Cagas and Bautista clans have separate domains.
• Reapportionment of Camarines Sur, 2009: A new congressional district was created within Camarines Sur under Republic Act No. 9716, which resulted in the reduction of the population of the province's first district to below the Constitutional ideal of 250,000 inhabitants. The move was seen as a form of political accommodation that would (and ultimately did) prevent two allies of then-President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo from running in the same district. Rolando Andaya, who was on his third term as congressman for the first district, was appointed Budget Secretary in 2006; his plans to run as representative of the same district in 2010 put him in direct competition with Diosdado Macapagal-Arroyo, the president's youngest son, who was also seeking re-election. Then-Senator Noynoy Aquino challenged the constitutionality of the law but the Supreme Court of the Philippines ultimately ruled that the creation of the new district was constitutional.
• Creation of Dinagat Islands, 2007: The separation of Dinagat Islands from Surigao del Norte has further solidified the hold of the Ecleo clan over the impoverished and typhoon-prone area, which remains among the poorest provinces in the country.

Most populous legislative districts

Currently the district with the lowest population is the lone district of Batanes, with only 18,831 inhabitants in 2020. The most populous congressional district, the 1st District of Rizal, has around 69 times more inhabitants. Data below reflect the district boundaries for the 2019 elections, and the population counts from the 2020 census.

Rank	Legislative district	Population (2020)
1	1st District of Rizal	1,207,509
2	1st District of Caloocan	953,125
3	Lone District of Maguindanao del Norte	943,500
4	1st District of Pampanga	880,360
5	1st District of Cebu	809,335
6	Lone district of Pasig	803,159
7	3rd District of Pampanga	782,547
8	3rd District of Batangas	768,561
9	1st District of Bulacan	758,872
10	2nd District of Quezon	753,343

Underrepresentation

Because of the lack of a nationwide reapportionment after the publication of every census since the Constitution was promulgated in 1987, faster-growing provinces and cities have become severely underrepresented. Each legislative district is ideally supposed to encompass a population of 250,000.

Powers

The House of Representatives is modeled after the United States House of Representatives; the two chambers of Congress have roughly equal powers, and every bill or resolution that has to go through both houses needs the consent of both chambers before being passed for the president's signature. Once a bill is defeated in the House of Representatives, it is lost. Once a bill is approved by the House of Representatives on third reading, the bill is passed to the Senate, unless an exact identical bill has also been passed by the upper house. When a counterpart bill in the Senate is different from the one passed by the House of Representatives, either a bicameral conference committee is created consisting of members from both chambers of Congress to reconcile the differences, or either chamber may instead approve the other chamber's version.

Just like most lower houses, franchise and money bills originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may still propose or concur with amendments, same with bills of local application and private bills. The House of Representatives has the sole power to initiate impeachment proceedings, and may impeach an official by a vote of one-third of its members. Once an official is impeached, the Senate tries that official.

Seat

William Howard Taft addressing the 1st Philippine Legislature at the Manila Grand Opera House in 1907.

The 2nd Philippine Legislature convened at The Mansion in Baguio in 1921.

Joint session of the Philippine Legislature, Manila. November 15, 1916

Philippine legislature before 1924

The Batasang Pambansa Complex (National Legislature) at Quezon City is the seat of the House of Representatives since its restoration in 1987; it took its name from the Batasang Pambansa, the national parliament which convened there from 1978 to 1986.

The Philippine Legislature was inaugurated at the Manila Grand Opera House at 1907, then it conducted business at the Ayuntamiento in Intramuros. Governor-General Leonard Wood summoned the 2nd Philippine Legislature at Baguio and convened at The Mansion in Baguio for three weeks. The legislature returned to the Ayutamiento, as the Legislative Building was being constructed; it first convened there on July 26, 1926. The House of Representatives continued to occupy the second floor until 1945 when the area was shelled during the Battle of Manila. The building was damaged beyond repair and Congress convened at the Old Japanese Schoolhouse at Lepanto (modern-day S. H. Loyola) Street, Manila until the Legislative Building can be occupied again in 1949. Congress stayed at the Legislative Building, by now called the Congress Building, until President Marcos shut Congress and ruled by decree starting in 1972.

Marcos then oversaw the construction of the new home of parliament at Quezon City, which convened in 1978. The parliament, called the Batasang Pambansa continued to sit there until the passage of the 1986 Freedom Constitution. The House of Representatives inherited the Batasang Pambansa Complex in 1987.

Batasang Pambansa Complex

The Batasang Pambansa Complex, now officially called the House of Representatives Building Complex, is at the National Government Center, Constitution Hills, Quezon City. Accessible via Commonwealth Avenue, the complex consists of four buildings. The Main Building hosts the session hall; the North and South wings, inaugurated in December 1977, are attached to it. The newest building, the Ramon Mitra, Jr. Building, was completed in 2001. It houses the Legislative Library, the Committee offices, the Reference and Research Bureau, and the Conference Rooms.

Current composition

Main article: 19th Congress of the Philippines

Further information: List of Philippine House of Representatives committees

The members of the House of Representatives, aside from being grouped into political parties, are also grouped into the "majority bloc", "minority bloc" and "independents" (different from the independent in the sense that they are not affiliated into a political party). Originally, members who voted for the winning Speaker belong to the majority and members who voted for the opponent are the minority. The majority and minority bloc are to elect amongst themselves a floor leader. While members are allowed to switch blocs, they must do so in writing. Also, the bloc where they intend to transfer shall accept their application through writing. When the bloc the member ought to transfer refuses to accept the transferring member, or a member does not want to be a member of either bloc, that member becomes an independent member. A member that transfers to a new bloc forfeits one's committee chairmanships and memberships, until the bloc the member transfers to elects the member to committees.

The membership in each committee should be in proportion to the size of each bloc, with each bloc deciding who amongst them who will go to each committee, upon a motion by the floor leader concerned to the House of Representatives in plenary. The Speaker, Deputy Speakers, floor leaders, deputy floor leaders and the chairperson of the Committee on Accounts can vote in committees; the committee chairperson can only vote to break a tie.

To ensure that the representatives each get their pork barrel, most of them will join the majority bloc, or even to the president's party, as basis of patronage politics (known as the Padrino System locally); thus, the House of Representatives always aligns itself with the party of the sitting president.

The majority bloc sits at the right side of the speaker, facing the House of Representatives.

↓

70	58	20	45	45	36	8	26
Lakas	PCFI	PDP–Laban	NUP	NP	NPC	LP	Others

Per party

Party		Total	%
	Lakas	70	22.15%
	Party-list Coalition	58	18.35%
	PDP–Laban	20	6.33%
	NUP	45	14.24%
	Nacionalista	45	14.24%
	NPC	36	11.39%
	Liberal	8	2.53%
	Makabayan	3	0.95%
	PFP	2	0.63%
	PRP	2	0.63%
	Reporma	2	0.63%
	Aksyon	1	0.32%
	LDP	1	0.32%
	CDP	1	0.32%
	PDDS	1	0.32%
	UNA	1	0.32%
	Local parties	9	2.84%
	Independent	6	1.90%
	Vacancy	4	1.27%
Total		316	100%

Per bloc

Bloc	Total	%
Majority	268	84%
Minority	22	10%
None	21	5%
Vacancy	5	1%
Total	316	100%

Leadership

• House Speaker: Rep. Martin Romualdez
• Deputy Speakers:
  • Rep. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
  • Rep. Isidro Ungab
  • Rep. Roberto V. Puno
  • Rep. Kristine Singson-Meehan
  • Rep. Camille Villar
  • Rep. Raymond Democrito C. Mendoza
  • Rep. David Suarez
  • Rep. Aurelio "Dong" D. Gonzales Jr.
  • Rep. Vincent Franco "Duke" D. Frasco
• Majority Floor Leader: Rep. Manuel Jose "Mannix" M. Dalipe
• Minority Floor Leader: Rep. Marcelino Libanan
• Secretary-General: Reginald S. Velasco

19th Congress Standing Committees

Committee	Committee Chairman
Accounts	Rep. Yedda Marie K. Romualdez
Agrarian Reform	Rep. Solomon R. Chungalao
Appropriations	Rep. Elizaldy S. Co
Agriculture and Food	Rep. Wilfrido Mark M. Enverga
Aquaculture and Fisheries Resources	Rep. Alfredo D. Marañon III
Banks and Financial Intermediaries	Rep. Irwin C. Tieng
Basic Education and Culture	Rep. Roman Romulo
Civil Service and Professional Regulations	Rep. Kristine Alexie B. Tutor
Climate Change	Rep. Edgar M. Chatto
Constitutional Amendments	Rep. Rufus Rodriguez
Cooperatives Development	Rep. Nicanor B. Briones
Dangerous Drugs	Rep. Robert Ace S. Barbers
Disaster Resilience	Rep. Alan 1 B. Ecleo
Ecology	Rep. Marlyn B. Alonte
Economic Affairs	Rep. Gerardo P. Valmayor Jr.
Energy	Rep. Lord Allan Jay Velasco
Ethics and Privileges	Rep. Felimon M. Espares
Flagship Programs and Projects	Rep. Claude Bautista
Foreign Affairs	Rep. Maria Rachel Arenas
Games and Amusement	Rep. Antonio A. Ferrer
Good Governance and Public Accountability	Rep. Florida P. Robes
Government Enterprises and Privatization	Rep. Edwin L. Olivarez
Government Reorganization	Rep. Jonathan Keith T. Flores
Health	Rep. Ciriaco Gato Jr.
Higher and Technical Education	Rep. Mark O. Go
Housing and Urban Development	Rep. Jose Francisco "Kiko" B. Benitez, Ph.D.
Human Rights	Rep. Bienvenido M. Abante
Indigenous Cultural Communities and Indigenous Peoples	Rep. Allen Jesse C. Mangaoang
Information and Communications Technology	Rep. Tobias M. Tiangco
Inter-parliamentary Relations And Diplomacy	Rep. Glona C. Labadlabad
Justice	Rep. Juliet Marie De Leon Ferrer
Labor And Employment	Rep. Juan Fidel Felipe F. Nograles
Legislative Franchises	Rep. Gus S. Tambunting
Local Government	Rep. Mercedes K. Alvarez
Mindanao Affairs	Rep. Yasser Alonto Balindong
Muslim Affairs	Rep. Mohamad Khalid Q. Dimaporo
National Defense and Security	Rep. Raul Tupas
Natural Resources	Rep. Elpidio F. Barzaga Jr.
North Luzon Growth Quadrangle	Rep. Angelo Marcos Barba
Overseas Workers' Affairs	Rep. Ron P. Salo
People's Participation	Rep. Florida P. Robes
Population And Family Relations	Rep. Ian Paul L. Dy
Poverty Alleviation	Rep. Michael Romero
Public Accounts	Rep. Joseph Stephen "Caraps" S. Paduano
Public Information	Rep. Jose Aquino II
Public Order and Safety	Rep. Dan S. Fernandez
Public Works and Highways	Rep. Romeo S. Momo
Revision of Laws	Rep. Edward Vera Perez Maceda
Rules	Rep. Manuel Jose "Mannix" M. Dalipe
Rural Development	Rep. Wilton T. Kho
Science and Technology	Rep. Carlito S. Marquez
Social Services	Rep. Rosanna Vergara
Suffrage and Electoral Reforms	Rep. Maximo Y. Dalog Jr.
Sustainable Development Goals	Rep. Eddie Villanueva
Tourism	Rep. Elandro Jesus F. Madrona
Trade and Industry	Rep. Mario Vittorio Mariño
Transportation	Rep. Romeo M. Acop
Veterans Affairs and Welfare	Rep. Jorge Bustos
Visayas Development	Rep. Lolita T. Javier
Ways and Means	Rep. Joey Salceda
Welfare of Children	Rep. Angelica Natasha Co
Women and Gender Equality	Rep. Geraldine Roman
Youth And Sports Development	Rep. Faustino Michael Carlos T. Dy III

Latest election

Main article: 2022 Philippine House of Representatives elections

Elections at congressional districts

Party		Votes	%	+/–	Seats	+/–
	PDP–Laban	10,950,696	22.73	−8.49	66	−16
	Nacionalista Party	6,610,876	13.72	−2.38	36	−6
	National Unity Party	6,087,288	12.63	+3.12	33	+8
	Nationalist People's Coalition	5,637,211	11.70	−2.61	35	−2
	Lakas–CMD	4,523,972	9.39	+4.28	26	+14
	Liberal Party	1,823,426	3.78	−1.95	10	−8
	Hugpong ng Pagbabago	1,223,815	2.54	+0.93	6	+3
	People's Reform Party	942,719	1.96	+1.62	3	+2
	Aksyon Demokratiko	868,668	1.80	+0.82	0	0
	Partido Pilipino sa Pagbabago	503,827	1.05	New	0	0
	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma	478,031	0.99	New	2	New
	Partido Federal ng Pilipinas	458,038	0.95	−1.43	2	−3
	Pederalismo ng Dugong Dakilang Samahan	426,451	0.89	+0.25	2	New
	National Unity Party/One Cebu	423,818	0.88	New	2	New
	Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	373,988	0.78	+0.16	1	−1
	Bukidnon Paglaum	336,266	0.70	−0.13	2	0
	Unang Sigaw ng Nueva Ecija	313,521	0.65	+0.35	0	0
	United Bangsamoro Justice Party	292,110	0.61	New	0	0
	PROMDI	288,049	0.60	New	0	0
	National Unity Party/United Negros Alliance	254,355	0.53	New	2	New
	Padayon Pilipino	245,206	0.51	+0.27	2	New
	Aksyon Demokratiko/Asenso Manileño	240,559	0.50	New	3	New
	Kilusang Bagong Lipunan	213,950	0.44	+0.36	0	0
	People's Champ Movement	204,076	0.42	New	1	New
	Nacionalista Party/Bileg Ti Ilokano	201,418	0.42	New	1	New
	National Unity Party/Asenso Manileño	165,577	0.34	New	2	New
	Sulong Zambales Party	144,060	0.30	New	1	New
	Mindoro bago Sarili	142,095	0.29	New	1	New
	Basilan Unity Party	137,976	0.29	New	1	New
	Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines	128,134	0.27	+0.07	1	0
	United Benguet Party	123,801	0.26	New	1	New
	Partido Pederal ng Maharlika	104,588	0.22	New	0	0
	Bigkis Pinoy	94,571	0.20	New	0	0
	Nationalist People's Coalition/Asenso Manileño	90,075	0.19	New	1	New
	Partido Navoteño	79,505	0.17	−0.03	1	0
	Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas	78,029	0.16	+0.02	0	0
	Lakas–CMD/United Negros Alliance	76,115	0.16	New	0	New
	Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod	73,796	0.15	−0.34	0	−1
	Adelante Zamboanga Party	73,785	0.15	+0.08	1	New
	Samahang Kaagapay ng Agilang Pilipino	73,346	0.15	New	0	0
	Partidong Pagbabago ng Palawan	71,986	0.15	−0.31	0	−2
	Reform PH - People's Party	70,116	0.15	New	0	0
	United Nationalist Alliance	68,572	0.14	−0.43	1	New
	Partido Prosperidad y Amor para na Zamboanga	67,133	0.14	New	0	0
	Lingkod ng Mamamayan ng Valenzuela City	50,599	0.11	New	0	0
	Labor Party Philippines	50,150	0.10	+0.08	0	0
	Achievers with Integrity Movement	48,462	0.10	New	0	0
	PDP–Laban/Partido Siquijodnon	33,989	0.07	New	1	New
	Ummah Party	29,043	0.06	New	0	0
	Ang Kapatiran	17,484	0.04	New	0	0
	Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino	10,642	0.02	−0.96	0	−1
	Partido Lakas ng Masa	5,223	0.01	New	0	0
	Philippine Green Republican Party	4,856	0.01	+0.01	0	0
	Katipunan ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino	4,370	0.01	−0.28	0	0
	Katipunan ng Kamalayang Kayumanggi	2,295	0.00	New	0	0
	Bagumbayan–VNP	1,607	0.00	−0.08	0	0
	Independent	2,137,093	4.44	−0.53	6	+4
Party-list seats					63	+2
Total		48,181,407	100.00	–	316	+12
Valid votes		48,181,407	86.05	−0.29
Invalid/blank votes		7,810,836	13.95	+0.29
Total votes		55,992,243	100.00	–
Registered voters/turnout		67,452,866	83.01	+7.11
Source: COMELEC (Results per individual province/city, election day turnout, absentee turnout

Party-list election

Party		Votes	%	+/–	Seats	+/–
	ACT-CIS Partylist	2,111,091	5.74	−3.77	3	0
	Ang Buklod ng mga Motorista ng Pilipinas	1,001,243	2.72	New	2	New
	Tingog Sinirangan	886,959	2.41	+1.01	2	+1
	4Ps Party-list	848,237	2.30	New	2	New
	Ako Bicol Political Party	816,445	2.22	−1.54	2	0
	SAGIP Partylist	780,456	2.12	+1.20	2	+1
	Ang Probinsyano Party-list	714,634	1.94	−0.82	1	−1
	Uswag Ilonggo Party	689,607	1.87	New	1	New
	Tutok To Win Party-List	685,578	1.86	New	1	New
	Citizens' Battle Against Corruption	637,044	1.73	−1.60	1	−1
	Senior Citizens Partylist	614,671	1.67	−0.18	1	0
	Duterte Youth	602,196	1.64	+0.37	1	0
	Agimat ng Masa	586,909	1.59	New	1	New
	Kabataan Partylist	536,690	1.46	+0.76	1	0
	Agrikultura Ngayon Gawing Akma at Tama	530,485	1.44	New	1	New
	Marino Samahan ng mga Seaman	530,382	1.44	−1.00	1	−1
	Ako Bisaya	512,795	1.39	−0.02	1	0
	Probinsyano Ako	471,904	1.28	−0.98	1	−1
	LPG Marketers Association	453,895	1.23	+0.48	1	0
	Abante Pangasinan-Ilokano Party	451,372	1.23	New	1	New
	Gabriela Women's Party	423,891	1.15	−0.46	1	0
	Construction Workers Solidarity	412,333	1.12	+0.12	1	0
	Agri-Agra na Reporma para sa Magsasaka ng Pilipinas	393,987	1.07	+0.59	1	+1
	P3PWD Party List	391,174	1.06	New	1	New
	Ako Ilocano Ako	387,086	1.05	New	1	New
	Kusug Tausug	385,770	1.05	+0.23	1	0
	An Waray	385,460	1.05	−0.54	1	0
	Kalinga-Advocacy for Social Empowerment and Nation-Building Through Easing Poverty	374,308	1.02	−0.20	1	0
	Agricultural Sector Alliance of the Philippines	367,533	1.00	+0.25	1	0
	Coop-NATCCO	346,341	0.94	−0.56	1	0
	Malasakit at Bayanihan Foundation	345,199	0.94	New	1	New
	Barangay Health Wellness	335,598	0.91	−0.06	1	0
	Galing sa Puso Party	333,817	0.91	+0.02	1	0
	Bagong Henerasyon	330,937	0.90	−0.14	1	0
	ACT Teachers Partylist	330,529	0.90	−0.52	1	0
	Talino at Galing ng Pinoy	327,912	0.89	+0.11	1	0
	Bicol Saro	325,371	0.88	New	1	New
	United Senior Citizens Koalition ng Pilipinas	320,627	0.87	New	1	New
	Dumper Philippines Taxi Drivers Association	314,618	0.85	+0.05	1	0
	Pinatatag na Ugnayan para sa mga Oportunidad sa Pabahay ng Masa	299,990	0.82	New	1	New
	Abang Lingkod	296,800	0.81	−0.18	1	0
	PBA Partylist	294,619	0.80	−0.37	1	0
	One Filipinos Worldwide Coalition Partylist	293,301	0.80	New	1	New
	Abono Partylist	288,752	0.78	−0.58	1	0
	Anakalusugan	281,512	0.76	−0.09	1	0
	Kabalikat ng Mamamayan	280,066	0.76	+0.05	1	0
	Magkakasama sa Sakahan Kaunlaran	276,889	0.75	−1.03	1	0
	One Patriotic Coalition of Marginalized Nationals	273,195	0.74	−1.82	1	−1
	APEC Partylist	271,380	0.74	−0.98	1	0
	Pusong Pinoy	262,044	0.71	New	1	New
	Trade Union Congress Party	260,779	0.71	−0.21	1	0
	Public Safety Alliance for Transformation and Rule of Law Inc.	252,571	0.69	−0.09	1	0
	Manila Teacher's Savings and Loan Association	249,525	0.68	−0.21	1	0
	AAMBIS-Owa Party List	246,053	0.67	−0.17	1	0
	Philippine Rural Electric Cooperatives Association	243,487	0.66	−0.76	1	0
	Alliance of Organizations, Networks and Associations of the Philippines	238,704	0.65	−0.50	1	0
	Akbayan	236,226	0.64	+0.02	0	0
	Democratic Independent Workers Association	234,996	0.64	−0.06	0	−1
	Asenso Pinoy	232,229	0.63	New	0	0
	Mindanao Indigenous Conference for Peace and Development	230,315	0.63	New	0	0
	Ang Pamilya Muna	225,041	0.61	New	0	0
	A Teacher Partylist	221,327	0.60	−0.38	0	−1
	Bayan Muna	219,848	0.60	−3.41	0	−3
	1st Consumers Alliance for Rural Energy	218,215	0.59	+0.13	0	0
	You Against Corruption and Poverty	214,694	0.58	−0.02	0	0
	Kasama Regional Political Party	213,539	0.58	New	0	0
	Ako Bisdak - Bisayang Dako	204,111	0.55	+0.37	0	0
	Abante Sambayanan	201,961	0.55	New	0	0
	Alliance of Public Transport Organization	183,869	0.50	New	0	0
	Nagkakaisang Pilipino para sa Pag-Angat ng Maralitang Manileño	174,452	0.47	New	0	0
	Towards Development and Action	174,396	0.47	New	0	0
	Advocates and Keepers Organization of OFWs	169,177	0.46	New	0	0
	Philippine National Police Retirees Association	160,418	0.44	+0.15	0	0
	Samahan ng Manggagawa sa Industriya ng Live Events	158,245	0.43	New	0	0
	Pamilyang Magsasaka	158,034	0.43	New	0	0
	Philippine Educators Alliance for Community Empowerment	157,617	0.43	0.00	0	0
	Bayaning Tsuper	157,278	0.43	New	0	0
	Acts Overseas Filipino Workers Coalition of Organizations	155,072	0.42	−0.05	0	0
	Pinagbuklod na Filipino para sa Bayan	151,502	0.41	+0.34	0	0
	Tulungan Tayo	147,050	0.40	New	0	0
	Filipino Rights Protection Advocates of Manila Movement	144,969	0.39	New	0	0
	Bahay para sa Pamilyang Pilipino	142,676	0.39	−0.62	0	−1
	Tagapagtaguyod ng mga Reporma at Adhikaing Babalikat at Hahango sa mga Oportunidad para sa mga Pilipino	138,973	0.38	New	0	0
	Anak Mindanao	134,647	0.37	−0.39	0	−1
	Ako Padayon Pilipino Party List	132,222	0.36	−0.48	0	−1
	Cancer Alleviation Network on Care, Education and Rehabilitation	128,284	0.35	New	0	0
	Kalipunan ng Maralita at Malayang Mamamayan	126,393	0.34	New	0	0
	Magdalo Party-List	119,189	0.32	−0.59	0	−1
	PDP Cares Foundation	117,139	0.32	New	0	0
	Rural Electric Consumers and Beneficiaries of Development and Advancement	117,126	0.32	−0.82	0	−1
	Act as One Philippines	116,173	0.32	New	0	0
	Kooperatiba-Kapisanan ng Magsasaka ng Pilipinas	114,587	0.31	+0.13	0	0
	Walang Iwanan sa Free Internet Inc.	113,971	0.31	New	0	0
	Bisaya Gyud Party-List	113,388	0.31	New	0	0
	Hugpong Federal Movement of the Philippines	112,654	0.31	New	0	0
	Moro Ako - Ok Party-List	110,171	0.30	New	0	0
	Angkla: ang Partido ng mga Pilipinong Marino	109,343	0.30	−0.35	0	0
	Ang National Coalition of Indigenous People Action Na!	108,807	0.30	New	0	0
	Passengers and Riders Organization	108,647	0.30	New	0	0
	Ang Kabuhayan Partylist	108,535	0.29	+0.02	0	0
	Ang Tinig ng Seniors Citizens sa Filipinas, Inc.	104,957	0.29	New	0	0
	Lungsod Aasenso	103,149	0.28	New	0	0
	Buhay Party-List	103,077	0.28	−1.02	0	−1
	Una ang Edukasyon	102,687	0.28	−0.15	0	0
	Igorot Warriors International, Inc.	95,217	0.26	New	0	0
	OFW Family Club	93,059	0.25	−0.47	0	−1
	Health, Education, Livelihood Program of the Philippines	93,007	0.25	New	0	0
	Wow Pilipinas Movement	90,698	0.25	−0.37	0	0
	Kapamilya ng Manggagawang Pilipino	89,695	0.24	New	0	0
	Ating Agapay Sentrong Samahan ng mga Obrero	88,611	0.24	−0.03	0	0
	Friends of the Poor and Jobless Party-List	88,564	0.24	New	0	0
	Butil Farmers Party	87,305	0.24	−0.35	0	0
	Avid Builders of Active Nation's Citizenry Towards Empowered Philippines	87,211	0.24	−0.11	0	0
	Subanen Party-List	86,533	0.24	New	0	0
	Turismo Isulong Mo	86,119	0.23	New	0	0
	Abe Kapampangan	85,226	0.23	−0.07	0	0
	Barkadahan para sa Bansa	83,860	0.23	New	0	0
	Anakpawis	81,436	0.22	−0.31	0	0
	Ugyon Mangunguma, Mangingisda kag Mamumugon nga Ilonggo	73,454	0.20	New	0	0
	Ang Kabuhayang Kayang Kaya	72,547	0.20	New	0	0
	National Association of Electricity Consumers for Reforms	71,822	0.20	−0.09	0	0
	Rebolusyonaryong Alyansang Makabansa	69,740	0.19	−0.66	0	−1
	Ayuda sa May Kapansanan	66,457	0.18	New	0	0
	Ang Bumbero ng Pilipinas	65,929	0.18	New	0	0
	Kilusang Maypagasa	65,133	0.18	−0.10	0	0
	Mothers for Change	64,785	0.18	New	0	0
	One Coop	64,627	0.18	New	0	0
	Ang Komadrona	64,087	0.17	New	0	0
	Samahan ng Totoong Larong may Puso Foundation	60,384	0.16	New	0	0
	Malabung Workers Party	59,499	0.16	New	0	0
	Ang Laban ng Indiginong Filipino	58,658	0.16	−0.09	0	0
	Kabalikat ng Bayan sa Kaunlaran	57,692	0.16	New	0	0
	Bunyog Pagkakaisa	57,030	0.15	New	0	0
	Computer Literacy, Innovation Connectivity and Knowledge	55,842	0.15	New	0	0
	Kabalikat Patungo sa Umuunlad na Sistematiko at Organisadong Pangkabuhayan Movement	53,635	0.15	New	0	0
	Home Owners, and Marginalized Empowerment Through Opportunities with Neighborhood Economic Reliability	53,560	0.15	New	0	0
	Kilos Mamamayan Ngayon Na	52,205	0.14	New	0	0
	United Frontliners of the Philippines	50,849	0.14	New	0	0
	Alsa Bisaya	47,415	0.13	New	0	0
	Bangon Philippine Outsourcing	47,382	0.13	New	0	0
	Lingkud Bayanihan Party	43,896	0.12	New	0	0
	Maharlikang Pilipino Party	43,260	0.12	New	0	0
	Advocates for Retail & Fashion, Textile & Tradition, Events, Entertainment & Creative Sector	42,086	0.11	New	0	0
	Ipatupad for Workers Inc.	41,797	0.11	New	0	0
	Kabalikat ng Hustisiya ng Nagkakaisang Manileno	39,344	0.11	+0.01	0	0
	Babae Ako para sa Bayan	39,254	0.11	New	0	0
	Damayan para sa Reporma Tungo sa Inklusibo at Laganap na mga Oportunidad Ngayon	36,394	0.10	New	0	0
	Partido Cocoman	35,583	0.10	New	0	0
	Aktibong Kaagapay ng mga Manggagawa	34,338	0.09	New	0	0
	Ako Breeder Party-List	32,630	0.09	New	0	0
	Ako Musikero Association	28,297	0.08	New	0	0
	Philippine Society for Industrial Security	27,851	0.08	New	0	0
	Ang Koalisyon ng Indigenous People	27,583	0.07	New	0	0
	Aksyon Magsasaka-Partido Tinig ng Masa	27,364	0.07	−0.62	0	0
	Mindoro Sandugo para sa Kaunlaran	26,800	0.07	New	0	0
	Samahang Ilaw at Bisig	25,871	0.07	New	0	0
	One Unified Transport Alliance of the Philippines Bicol Region	23,021	0.06	−0.02	0	0
	Alagaan ang Sambayanang Pilipino	22,543	0.06	New	0	0
	Parents Teachers Alliance	22,319	0.06	−0.04	0	0
	Ang Programang Aasenso Taumbayan - Dream, Act, Participate and Advocate for Sustainable Transformation	20,949	0.06	New	0	0
	Arts Business and Science Professionals	20,149	0.05	−0.06	0	0
	Alliance for Resilience, Sustainability and Empowerment	20,131	0.05	New	0	0
	Movement of Active Apostolic Guardians Association of the Philippines	19,645	0.05	New	0	0
	Solid Movement Towards Comprehensive Change	18,954	0.05	New	0	0
	Noble Advancement of Marvelous People of the Philippines Inc.	18,172	0.05	+0.01	0	0
	Alternatiba ng Masa	18,048	0.05	New	0	0
	Partido Lakas ng Masa	17,783	0.05	−0.05	0	0
	Pilipino Society and Development Advocates Commuter-Consumer	17,406	0.05	New	0	0
	United Filipino Consumers and Commuters	16,733	0.05	New	0	0
	Aksyon Tungo sa Asenso at Pagsulong ng Pilipino	16,116	0.04	New	0	0
	People's Volunteer Against Illegal Drugs	14,330	0.04	New	0	0
	National Firemen's Confederation of the Philippines	11,692	0.03	New	0	0
	Laban ng Isang Bayan Para sa Reporma at Oportunidad	11,067	0.03	New	0	0
	1 Tahanan	10,383	0.03	New	0	0
	Pilipinas para sa Pinoy	8,774	0.02	−0.03	0	0
	Aangat Kusinerong Pinoy	8,261	0.02	New	0	0
	Kusog Bikolandia	7,840	0.02	New	0	0
Total		36,802,064	100.00	–	63	+2
Valid votes		36,802,064	65.73	+6.77
Invalid/blank votes		19,190,179	34.27	−6.77
Total votes		55,992,243	100.00	–
Registered voters/turnout		67,452,866	83.01	+8.70
Source: COMELEC

See also

• List of Philippine House committees
• 2007 Batasang Pambansa bombing
• Politics of the Philippines
• President of the Philippines
• Executive Departments of the Philippines
• Congress of the Philippines
• Senate of the Philippines
• Ombudsman of the Philippines
• Supreme Court of the Philippines
• Republic Acts of the Philippines
• Batasang Pambansa
• Congress TV

External links

• Official Website of the 18th Congress
• Official Website of the House of Representatives
• Official Website of the Senate